ืžื”ื™ืจ, ืงืœ ื•ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืกื‘ื™ืจ: ื”ื’ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœืš ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื!โž”
ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžืืช VViktor

ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”

ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช. ื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœืš.

2021-04-09 ยท 9 ืงืจื™ืื” ื“ืงื”

ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ืช ืื™ ืงื˜ื ื” ืžืžื•ืฆื ื’ืขืฉื™, ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”, ื”ื ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื” ื ื™ื—ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืจืคืชืงืื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืžืขืจื™ื›ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื–ื• ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ 100 ื‘ืขื•ืœื! ืื ืืชื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื ืกื™ืขื” ื“ืจืš ื›ืคืจื™ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื•, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืชื”ื™ื” ืชืขื ื•ื’.

ืื™ืš ื”ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื”ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืš?

ืจืง ื›-20% ืžื”ืื™ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช. ื›ืฉืืชื” ื ื•ืกืข ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืžืคื•ืช ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืื•ืชืš ื“ืจืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ืจื›ื™ ืขืคืจ ืžืคื•ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ืจื™ื. ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื–ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืš ืœื ื•ื•ื˜ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื‘ื‘ื˜ื—ื”. ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ื ื™ืกื”, ื—ื•ืงื™ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืช ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืงื‘ืœืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ืจื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.

ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ืœืœื™

ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžื—ื•ืœืง ืœืขืฉืจ (10) ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืžืžื•ืงืžื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื—ื•ืฃ, ื”ืจื—ืง ืžื™ืขืจื•ืช ื’ืฉื ืฆืคื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื ื›-65% ืžื”ืื™. ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื•ืœื”.

ืžื™ืงื•ื ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™

ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื•ื ืื™ ืžื•ื–ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ืื ื˜ื™ืœื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืงืฃ ื‘ืžื™ืžื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ ื•ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื™. ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื›-23.57 ืžื™ื™ืœื™ื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืžื“ืจื•ื ืœื™ื‘ืฉืช ื’ื•ื•ืื“ืœื•ืค ื•ื›-22.04 ืžื™ื™ืœื™ื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฆืคื•ื ื™ืช ืœืžืจื˜ื™ื ื™ืง.

ืฉืคื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช

ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื’ื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื›ื“ืจืš ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื’ื ื ืคืœื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ืชื—ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™, ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืคื™ืชื—ื• ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, ืงืืจื™ื‘ (ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื) ื•ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื. ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื”- Kwรจyรฒl (ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช ืงืจื™ืื•ืœื™ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื ื™ืช), ื•ื–ื• ืฉืคื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื™ื.

ืฉื˜ื— ืื“ืžื”

ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžืฉืชืจืขืช ืขืœ ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœ ื›-750 ืงืž"ืจ. ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืขื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“ ืœืžืฉื ื”ื•. ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžื•ืงืžืช ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœืงื• ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ ื•ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื™, ื”ื™ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื›ืžื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืคืข ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื”, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื.

ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืœืœื ื•ื™ื–ื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉื” (6) ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื:

ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื•ื ืžืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืขื“ ืืคืจื™ืœ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืงืขื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืกื•ืคื•ืช ืจืขืžื™ื ื ืื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื•ืœื™ ืขื“ ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ. ืื ืืชื ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืœื™ ืœื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ, ืชื’ืœื• ืฉื”ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื•ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ื•.

ื”ึดื™ืกื˜ื•ึนืจึดื™ึธื”

ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื•ืคืจ ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื•ืก ื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื’ืฉื’ื• ื‘ืื™ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ืง ื•ื”ื”ืจืจื™ ื”ื–ื”. ื ืชื’ืœื• ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื ืช 2100 ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื”, ื•ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืžื›ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ืจื˜ื•ืื™ื“ื™ื . ื–ืžืŸ ืžื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืขืจื•ื•ืืงื™ื, ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ืžื“ืจื•ื ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื•ืžื”ืื ื˜ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืœื—ื•ืคื™ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืืจื•ื•ืืงื™ื, ื•ืœืคื ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื‘-1493, ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื’ื ื”ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื• (ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ื ื”ืงืืจื™ื‘ื™ื) ืœื‘ืกืก ืืช ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื”ื ื‘ืื™. ืขื“ ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”, ื™ืฉ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืงืืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืจื“ื• ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ื‘ื” ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ืงืจ ื•ืœื—ืงื•ืจ.

ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืื” ื”-16, ื”ืื™ ื ืชืคืก ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื. ื’ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฆืจืคืชื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืกื• ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืื™ ืืš ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืขื ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื. ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ืฉืคื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ื•ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช ืงืจื™ืื•ืœื™ืช. ืขื“ 1978, ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืืš ื ื•ืชืจื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื.

ืžึถืžึฐืฉืึธืœึธื”

ืœื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืžืžืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืคืจืœืžื ื˜ืจื™ืช. ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื ืฉื™ื, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžื—ื•ืœืงืช ื’ื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” (3) ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช: ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ืฆืขืช, ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ืงืงืช ื•ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ืช.

ื”ืคืจืœืžื ื˜ ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื, ืืฉืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื• ืžืžื ื” ืืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืืช ืงื‘ื™ื ื˜ ื”ืฉืจื™ื. ื’ื ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžื›ื”ื ื™ื ื—ืžืฉ (5) ืฉื ื™ื ื›ื”ื•ื ื•ืช. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ืงืงืช, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•-30 ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืกืคื”.

ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืื ื’ืœื™. ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ืกื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” (3) ื‘ืชื™ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืœื•ื, ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืงืืจื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ.

ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช

ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžืงื“ืžืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื’ื ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืฉื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื•ื’ื ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืฉื ืฉืืจื™ื/ืœื™ื ื™ื. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื 2010-2018, ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจื™ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ 72,000-82,000 ืคืจื˜ื™ื. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ 136,000-519,000. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ืื™ ืื™ื ื• ืจืง ื™ืขื“ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™. ืžืงื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื•ืœืงื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืื™ ื›ื•ืœื• ืœืžืชืื™ื ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืืจื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ืกืชืžื›ื” ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื ื ื•ืช.

ืžื”ืจ ืงื“ื™ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืฆื•ืžื—ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื™ื™ื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช. ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื—ืช ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ (CBIP). ื”-CBIP ืžืงืœ ืขืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื ื™ืช, ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืฉืœ 100,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืืจื”"ื‘ ืœืงืจืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื• ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ.

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืชื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืฉื•ืงืงืช ืจื•ื–ืื• ืื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืขืžื•ืง ืืœ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ื”ื™ืขืจ ื”ืžืคื•ืชืœื™ื ื”ืžื•ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ืฆืœืœื™ื ื”ืฆืคื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืชื–ื“ืงืงื• ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ (ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”).

ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืชืจื’ื•ื ืชืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืฉืœืš. ื–ื” ืœื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืขืฆืžืื™ ืื• ื ืคืจื“ ืฉื‘ื• ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืœื ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืชื™ ืฉืœืš. ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื–ืจื”. IDP ืžื’ื™ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืžืกืคืจ ืชืจื’ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืฉืœืš. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™, ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืœ ืชืจื’ื•ืžื™ื ืž-12 ืžื”ืฉืคื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื.

ื”ืื ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืฉืœืš ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”?

ืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ืชืงืฃ ืฉืœืš ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ืชืงืฃ ืฉืœืš ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืš ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช, ื”ื•ื ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื–ืžื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ. ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœื–ืจื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื—ื“ (1) ืื• ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” (3) ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ืืœ ืชื“ืื’. ืœื ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ.

ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืฉืœืš ื™ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ืชืงืฃ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืื™ื ื• ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจืฉืžื™. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืžืื•ื“, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืงืฃ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืื• ืงืจื™ืื•ืœื™ืช ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘-IDP ืฉืœืš ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืฉืช ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ื–ืžื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื’ื ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ืฉืœืš, ืืชื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”-IDP ืฉืœืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืืชื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”.

ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”?

ื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ (IDP) ื”ื ื“ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ืžืืจืฅ ื”ื•ืœื“ืชืš ื•ืืชื ื‘ื ื™ 18 ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™. ื”ื™ืชืจื™ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื ืคืงื™ื ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกื•ื›ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ (IDA). ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืชืช ืœืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœืชืจื’ื ืืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืฉืœืš. ืžืœื‘ื“ ืฉื ื™ (2) ื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื• ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:

  • ืชืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”/ืขื•ืชืง ืกืจื•ืง ืฉืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ืชืงืฃ ืฉืœืš.
  • ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ
  • ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืืฉืจืื™ ืื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ PayPal
  • ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜


ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ืœื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืื• ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ืขืชืš ืœื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืืงืกืคืจืก ืฉื‘ื• ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”-IDP ืฉืœืš ืชื•ืš 20 ื“ืงื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืœืžืฉืœื•ื— ืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื (2) ืฉืขื•ืช. ืขื ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื”-IDP ืฉืœืš ื™ื™ืฉืœื— ืชื•ืš 24 ืฉืขื•ืช ืžืจื’ืข ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ.

ืœื”ื’ืฉืช ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” :

  1. ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื“ืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
  2. ื ื•ื•ื˜ ืืœ ื”ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื”ื™ืžื ื™ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื“ืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ืช.
  3. ืœื—ืฅ ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืชื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ื”ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ.
  4. ื‘ื—ืจ ืืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”-IDP ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืคืช ืขืœื™ืš.
  5. ืžืœื ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ืคืก ืขื ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ ื”ืžืœืื™ื ืฉืœืš.
  6. ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš.
  7. ื”ื–ืŸ ืืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืฉืœืš.
  8. ื‘ื—ืจ ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉืœืš.
  9. ืืžืช ืืช ื–ื”ื•ืชืš.
  10. ื”ืžืชืŸ ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ.

ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืื™ื ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ.

ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ IDP?

ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœื ืจืง ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืš ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ื–ื” ื’ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืš ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืฉื™ืœืžืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื•. ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื• ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช:

  • ืชื•ืจืฉื” ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”
  • ืœื ืชื“ืื’ ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœืš ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ IDP ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ืฉืชื•ืงืฃ ื›ืžื• ื”ืžื•ื“ืคืก
  • ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžืœื‘ื“ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”
  • ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ืžืกืžืš ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืชื•ืžืš ื’ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื›ื‘ื™ืฉ (ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืชื™ ืžืœื•ืŸ)
  • ื–ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืš ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื›ื‘ ืฆื“ ื’'


ืื ืชื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืืฆืœื ื•, ืชื”ื™ื” ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื—ืœืคื” ื”ื—ื™ื ืžื™. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ืื™ื‘ื“ืช ืืช ื”-IDP ืฉืœืš ืœืื—ืจ ืžืกื™ืจืชื•, IDA ื™ืฉืžื— ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื™ื ื. ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืฉืœื ืจืง ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืื•ืชื• ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืื—ืจืช ืœืžืฉืœื•ื— ืื ืืชื” ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ.

ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”

ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืชื ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืœืžืฉืš ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื (ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฉื›ื“ืื™ ืœืงื—ืช. ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื™ืขื“ื™ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืคื–ื•ืจื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืื™. ืฉื ื™ืช, ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™.

ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘

ืจื•ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืžืžื•ืงืžื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืกื ื˜ ื’'ื•ืจื’', ืกื ื˜ ืคื•ืœ, ืกื ื˜ ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื•ืกื ื˜ ืื ื“ืจื•. ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืจื›ื‘ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ืขืชืš ืœืื™ ืื• ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ื–ืžื ื” ืžืจืืฉ ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜. ืœืจื•ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื™ืฉ ืืชืจื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื•ื“ืคื™ ืžื“ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืžืงืœื™ื ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืฉื›ืจื” ืฉืœืš. ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืชืžืฆืื• ืกื•ื›ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืืš ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื’ื ืกื•ื›ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.

ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:

  • ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืžื—
  • LaRonde Rent-A-Car, Inc.
  • ืื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘
  • Paradise Rent-A-Car
  • ืื•ื•ื™ืก
  • QB ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘
  • Rainbow Rentals, Inc.
  • ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ื ืฉืจ
  • ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช
  • Earth Dreams ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘

ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื

ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ืจื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืชื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ื”ื ื•ื—ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื–ืืช, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฉืงื™ืขื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื–ื•ืงืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ. ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืคืชื™ืข ืฉื”ื ื’ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื›ืžื” ืชืงื ื™ื ืฉืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช:

  • ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ื•ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™
  • ื”ื ื”ื’ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื (2) ืฉื ื™ื
  • ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืืฉืจืื™

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช:

  • ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ื•ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™
  • ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื (2) ืฉื ื™ื
  • ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืืฉืจืื™

ืกื•ื’ื™ ืจื›ื‘

ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžืฆื™ืขื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืจื›ื‘ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืงืจื•ื‘, ืชื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืจื›ื‘ื™ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ (SUV). ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ื•ืœื ืกืœื•ืœื™ื; ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืชื–ื“ืงืง ืœืจื›ื‘ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืจืช ื•ืœื—ืชื•ืš ืืช ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘

ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข $51 ืœื™ื•ื, ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืกื•ื’ ื”ืจื›ื‘. ื”ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื™ื ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืžืœื•ืช ื”ื ืœื•ื•ืช ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ื ื”, ืžื™ืงื•ื ืื™ืกื•ืฃ, ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ, ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—.

ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข. ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ืกื ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื’ื ื™ื‘ื”. ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœืš ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืžืœื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื•ืžื™ืกื™ื.

ืืœื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืžื”ืžื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื ืืชื ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืœื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืขืœื•ืช-ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื ืกื•ืข ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช.

ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืŸ 25 ืœืคื—ื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืื›ืŸ ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื ื”ื’ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ (ื‘ื™ืŸ 21-24 ืฉื ื™ื) ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ, ืืš ืขื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื. ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœ ื—ืœื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ื ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ืžืขืœ ื’ื™ืœ 70 ืื• 75 ืฉื ื™ื. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ืื™ื ื ื ื”ื’ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื”ืจืคืœืงืกื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชื“ืจื“ืจื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื‘ื’ืจื™ื, ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ.

ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื›ื‘

ืคืจืžื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืฉืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืฉื›ื•ืจ ืฉืœืš ืชื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื™ื•ืžื™. ื”ืขืœื•ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื’ื ื‘ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ ืฉื‘ื• ืชืฉืชืžืฉ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื”ื•ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ื ื–ืงื™ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช ื›-USD10.00 ืœื™ื•ื, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉ-Losts ืื• Damage Waivers ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ื›-USD12.00 ืœื™ื•ื.

ืคื•ืœื™ืกืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื›ื‘

ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืœื ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื–ื•ืœื•ืช. ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืจืืฉ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— (ืื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื ื”ื’ ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”). ืขื ื–ื”, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื‘ื”. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื›ื‘ ืฆื“ ื’' ืงื™ื™ื, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœ ื›ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื‘.

ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื, ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืชืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ืืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืจื›ื‘. ืคื•ืœื™ืกืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืฆื“ ื’'. ื–ื” ืžื›ืกื” ืืช ื”ื ื–ืงื™ื ืฉืืชื” ื’ื•ืจื ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืฉื›ื•ืจ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžืžืš ืœืงื ื•ืช ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ื ื–ืงื™ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ื•ื•ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื“ ืื• ื ื–ืง. ื–ื” ืžืžื–ืขืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ืžืจื›ื‘ ืœืจื›ื‘ ืื• ื›ืœ ืื™ืจื•ืข ืื—ืจ ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื–ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืฉื›ื•ืจ ืฉืœืš.

ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช

ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจื” ื•ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื›ื–ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ ื˜ืจื—ื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืืœื• ืื™ื ื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.

ื”ืื ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžืืฉืจ ืœื ืกื•ืข ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช?

ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืกื™ื. ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืกื™ื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืจื•ื–ืื•. ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ 1.50 EC$ ืœ-EC$10.25, ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืžืจื—ืง. ืื ืืชื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื–ืื•, ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ืžืžื•ืงืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื›ืš ืฉื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื—ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืกื™ื ืื™ื ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื 24 ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžืžื”. ืขื ื‘ื•ื ื”ืขืจื‘ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ืขื“ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืกื™ื ื›ืœืœ.

ืื ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืฉืœืš ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืจื•ื–ืื•, ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœืš. ื–ื” ื ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ EC$25 - EC$100 (ื–ื” ื‘ืขืจืš $15 -$40 ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ). ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ (1). ืื ื–ื” ื”ืžืงืจื”, ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจืš ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื.

ืื™ืš ื—ื•ืกื›ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘?

ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื™ืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื–ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช, ืืชื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื•ื–ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช:

  • ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ืžืจืืฉ (ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืื• ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช) ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ืœื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”
  • ื ืกื™ืขื” ืœื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืขื•ื ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ
  • ืืœ ืชื™ื›ื ืข ืœื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื“ืจื•ื’
  • ื ืงื• ืืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื (ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืขืžืœื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ)
  • ืงื ื” ื“ืœืง ืžืฉืœืš ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ


ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื™ืฉืคื™ืข ื’ื ืขืœ ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืจื” ื›ืฉืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ืžืคื•ืช, ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ื•ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืฉืœืš ืžืจืืฉ. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงื‘ืฅ ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”.

ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืžืืช VViktor

ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”

ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื” ืื—ืช ื”ืขืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื, ื™ืฉ ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื™ื ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืžืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืงืคื“ื ื•ืช. ืœื”ืคืš, ืขื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ืจื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืขื™ืจ ืฉื•ืงืงืช ื•ืžืœืื” ื‘ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ืžืกื—ืจ. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืฉืœื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ื”ื“ืจืš, ื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื”ืœืŸ.

ืชืงื ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช

ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ืœื—ื•ืง ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื•ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื. ื”ื™ื ืคื•ืจืกืช ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืจื™ืฉื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘, ืจื™ืฉื•ื™ ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘, ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื ื”ื™ื’ื”, ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื”, ืชืงื ื™ ืชืžืจื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืชืœื™ื™ื”/ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื•ืขื•ื“. ื‘ื—ืœืง ื–ื”, ื ืกื›ื ื›ืžื” ืžื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื—ื•ืงื™ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืฉื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”

ืชืงืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืฉื›ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื. ื ื”ื’ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื“ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ืฉื™ืคื”, ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื“ื ืื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืฉืชืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืœืœื ืฆื• ืจืฉืžื™. ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ:

  • 70 ืž"ื’ ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ ื‘-100 ืž"ืœ ืฉืชืŸ
  • 80 ืž"ื’ ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ ื‘-100 ืž"ืœ ื“ื

ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉื ืชืคืกื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืขื•ื ืฉื™ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืฉื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืื—ืจืื™ื ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื” ื“ืจืš ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ื”ืขื•ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื:

  • ืฉืœื 2,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืื• ื”ืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืืกืจ ืฉืœ ืขื“ 12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
  • ืฉืœื 3,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืื• ื”ืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืืกืจ ืฉืœ ืขื“ 24 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืจืฉืขื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”

ื—ื•ืงื™ ื—ื’ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”

ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื•ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื’ื•ืจ ื—ื’ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืงื“ืžื™ื™ื ืื• ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื—ื’ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืชืžื™ื“ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืš ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืœืื‘ื˜ื— ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ื•ื›ืœ ื ื•ืกืข ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœืš, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช.

ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื›ื˜ื™ืค ื‘ื•ื ื•ืก ื‘ืขืช ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืขืจื™ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืืœ ืชื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืขื” ืื—ืช (1) ืžืชื—ืช ืœืชืžืจื•ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื ื™ื”. ืื ืชื—ืจื•ื’ ืžืฉืขื”, ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœืš ืชื™ื’ืจืจ ืžื™ื“. ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื™ืจ ื™ืฉ ื—ื ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืื– ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืœื—ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.

ืชืงื ื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื”

ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ. ื›ื›ื–ื”, ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืžื•ื ื™ืช ืืœื ืื ื”ื ื™ื™ืจืฉืžื• ื›ืžื•ื ื™ืช; ื•ืจื›ื‘ ืกื—ื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืจื›ื‘ ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ื™ืจืฉื ื’ื ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื–ื•.

ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืจื›ื‘ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ/ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืจืง ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืฉื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ืชืงืฃ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืš ืจืง ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช 4 ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ื•ื’'ื™ืคื™ื, ืื– ื”ื ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื”ื. ืื ื ืชืคืกืช ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ื‘ืžืฉืื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš, ืืชื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืขื ืฉ. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœืš.

ืžื’ื‘ืœืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช

ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ ืžื”ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงืกื™ืžืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื’ื ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ื•ืช. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืš ืœื ืกื•ืข ืžื”ืจ ืžื“ื™ ืžืขืœ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืชืจืช, ืื• ืœื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืœืื˜ ืžื“ื™ ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžื’ื‘ืœืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช. ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžื’ื‘ืœืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืžืกื›ื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช, ืชืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”. ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืขื•ื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืจืง ืœืžื™ ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœ.

ืื ืชื™ืชืคืก ื ื•ื”ื’ ืžืขืœ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืชืจืช, ืืชื” ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœืงื ืก ืฉืœ 1000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื•ืœื”ืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืืกืจ ืฉืœ ืขื“ 12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืืชื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื—ืจืžื” ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื—ื–ืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ.

ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ:

  • ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื - 50 ืงืž"ืฉ
  • ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืจืืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื - 80 ืงืž"ืฉ

ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื ืกื™ืขื”

ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ื ื•ืกืข ืขืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ, ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืฆื“ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื”, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืžืคืจื™ื“ื™ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื. ื‘ื›ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ืช ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื›ื™ื›ืจ, ืชืคื ื• ืฉืžืืœื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืชืžืฆืื• ื’ื ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฆื“ ืฉืžืืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ.

ื”ื™ื–ื”ืจื• ืžืฉืœื˜ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืืœื” ื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ืœื›ื ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื ืชื™ื‘ ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœืžืงื ืืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชื‘ืฆืขื• ืคื ื™ื™ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ืื• ืชืฆืื• ืžื›ื™ื›ืจ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืœื˜ื™ ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชืชืงืจื‘ ืœื›ืœ ืฆื•ืžืช.

ืฉืœื˜ื™ ืชื ื•ืขื”

ืชืžืจื•ืจื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžืชื—ืœืงื™ื ืœืชืžืจื•ืจื™ ืื–ื”ืจื”, ืฉืœื˜ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื•ืชืžืจื•ืจื™ื. ื”ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืžืจื•ืจื™ื ืืœื• ืžื•ืกื“ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”; ืขื ื–ืืช, ืืœื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืชืžืจื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืžืœื‘ื ื™ื ืœืชืžืจื•ืจื™ื, ืžืฉื•ืœืฉื™ื ืœืชืžืจื•ืจื™ ืื–ื”ืจื” ื•ืขื™ื’ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืžืจื•ืจื™ื.

  • ืฉืœื˜ื™ ืื–ื”ืจื” ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืขืœ ืžืคื’ืขื™ื ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืงื“ื™ืžื” ื›ืžื• ื ืคื™ืœืช ืกืœืขื™ื, ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื, ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืชืžืฉืš, ืขืœื™ื™ื”/ื™ืจื™ื“ื”, ืขื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื—ื“ื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.
  • ืฉืœื˜ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื”, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืœืœื›ืช. ืืœื” ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืฉืœื˜ื™ "ืœื›ืืŸ" ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.
  • ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืฉืœื˜ื™ื ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืงื˜ืข ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื”ื–ื”. ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืชืขืœืžื•ืช ืžื”ื ืชื’ืจื•ืจ ืขื•ื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื• ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ืžืืกืจ. ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœืชืžืจื•ืจื™ื ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืื™ ื—ื ื™ื”, ืื™ ืขืฆื™ืจื”, ื›ื ื™ืขื”, ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืžืืœื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืœืœื ืžืฉืื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.

ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžืขื‘ืจ

ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ืื•ืก ื‘ืงื˜ืขื™ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืชืžืจื•ืจื™ื, ื ืงื‘ืขื™ื ื’ื ื›ืœืœื™ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื™ืžื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœืคื™ื”ื. ื›ืœืœื™ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื™ืžื” ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืœืื™ืœื• ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื™ืฉ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื. ืืชื” ืชื“ืข ืœืžื™ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืข, ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืœื“ืขืช ืžืชื™ ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืงื•ื“ื. ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื™ืžื”, ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืœืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื™ืžื”:

  • ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืจืืฉื™ื™ื
  • ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื›ื™ื›ืจื•ืช
  • ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฆืžืชื™ื/ืคื ื™ื™ื”
  • ืจื›ื‘ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“

ื’ื™ืœ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื—ื•ืงื™

ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื•ื 17 ืฉื ื™ื. ืœื™ืชืจ ื“ื™ื•ืง, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ 17 ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื•ืžื“ ืื•ืคื ื•ืข, ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ 18 ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืจื›ื‘ ืžื ื•ืขื™. ื–ื” ื—ืœ ืขืœ ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื›ืื—ื“. ื™ืฉื ื ื’ื ื’ื™ืœืื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืจื›ื‘ ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื–ื” ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืžืœื, ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืžืฉืื™ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื’ื ืื ืืชื” ืจืง ื‘ืŸ 20.

ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื–ืžื ื™ ืฉืชืงืฃ ืœืื—ื“ (1) ืื• ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” (3). ืื– ืื ืœื ื”ื’ืขืชื ืœื’ื™ืœ 18, ืœื ืชื•ืจืฉื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื–ืžื ื™.

ื—ื•ืงื™ ืขืงื™ืคื”

ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืขืงื•ืฃ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืฆื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื•ื“ืื• ื›ื™ ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืงื˜ืข ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ื• ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืฆื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืฆืงื™ื ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื. ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชืฆืื• ืžื ืชื™ื‘ื›ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืชืžืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขืงื™ืคื”, ื•ื“ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื›ืฉื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืœืคื ื™ื. ืื ื”ื“ืจืš ืคื ื•ื™ื”, ืขืงืคื• ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืื™ืชื•ืช ื ืื•ืช.

ืฆื“ ื ื”ื™ื’ื”

ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ื‘ืฆื“ ืฉืžืืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ. ื–ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื”, ื ื™ื• ื–ื™ืœื ื“, ืื™ื ื“ื•ื ื–ื™ื”, ืกื™ื ื’ืคื•ืจ, ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”, ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื“ ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืื ืืชื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืžืงืคื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืฆื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืชืจืฆื” ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืืžืŸ ืื• ืœื ืกื•ืข ื“ืจืš ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืขื ื ื”ื’ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™.

ื—ื•ืงื™ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื

ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ืช ื ืกื™ืขื” ื ืขื™ืžื”. ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขื™ืจ, ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื. ืฉื•ื‘, ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœืš ืืœื ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจื™ื.

ืžื” ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ืขืœ ืื™ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”?

ืžืžืฉืœืช ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืœื•ืงื—ืช ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช ืืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื”. ืื ื ืชืคืกืช ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ืœืœื ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืื• ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ื‘ื“ืจื’ืช ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืื™ื ืš ืžื•ืจืฉื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื”, ืชื—ื•ื™ื‘ ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ื”ืžืคืจื™ื ื™ืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœืฉืœื ืงื ืก ืฉืœ 1000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื•ืœื”ืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืืกืจ ืฉืœ ืขื“ 12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.

ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืืชื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืกื›ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ื‘ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื” ื•ืœืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืคื™ืš ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ื–ืžื ื™ ืฉืœืš.

ื”ืื ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ?

ืžืขื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื–ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื”. ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ืฉื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ืชืงืœ ื‘ืื™ ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ืืœื”. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืงืฆืจ ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื–ืžื ื™. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืฉืœืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืื—ื“ (1) ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืœื ื”ื›ืจืช ืืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื•ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืก ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื ื™ื.

ื›ืœืœื™ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืชืจื’ื•ืœ ื ื™ืžื•ืกื™ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื™ืงื“ื ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืฉืœื ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื˜ืงืกื˜ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื”, ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ื ื™ืžื•ืกื™ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”.

ืชืงืœื” ื‘ืจื›ื‘

ืื—ืช (1) ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœืŸ ืืชื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืจืฆื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžื›ื ื™ื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš ื‘ืงืจื‘ืชืš ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขืจื›ืช ืกื•ืœืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืืœ ืชืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื”. ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืขื–ืจื” ืื• ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง.

ืื ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœืš ืžืชืงืœืงืœืช ืื• ืฉืืชื” ื ืชืงืœ ื‘ืชืื•ื ื”, ืืœ ืชื™ื‘ื”ืœ. ื ืกื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ื™ืฉ ืกื›ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืชื—. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช, ื‘ื“ืงื• ื’ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ื•ืืช ื”ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื ืคื’ืข. ื ื ื™ื— ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืกืŸ ืืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœืš ืœืฆื“ ื”ื“ืจืš, ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื ืœื, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืžืงื ืžืฉื•ืœืฉ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืžืชืงืจื‘ื™ื. ืื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื™ื™ื’ 999, ืžื•ืงื“ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ื–ื” ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชืš ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืก ื•ืœืžื›ื‘ื™ ื”ืืฉ.

ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืขื•ืฆืจืช

ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืกื™ื•ืจื™ ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืื•ื›ืคื™ ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืžืื™ื™ืฉื™ื ืฆืžืชื™ื ืื• ืฆืžืชื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื›ืคื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžื•ืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืขื ืขื•ืžืกื™ ืชื ื•ืขื” ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื•ืจืขื™ ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ ืžืžื™ืœื.

ืื ืื™ ืคืขื ืชืžืฆื ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ื ื™ื’ืฉืช ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ืคื ื” ืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœืš, ื‘ืจืš ืืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืœืฉืœื•ื ื•ืฉืืœ ื‘ื ื™ืžื•ืก ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ื–ืขืงืชืš. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื•ื›ืคื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ืขื–ื• ื‘ืš, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื–ื• ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœืš ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื”ืคืจื” ืฉืœืš ื ืงื ืกืช, ื”ืงืคื“ ืœืฆื™ื™ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืฆื•ื™ืŸ. ืื™ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื’ ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื”.

ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช

ืื ืื™ ืคืขื ืชืžืฆื ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ืื‘ื•ื“ ืื• ืžื‘ื•ืœื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืช ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”. ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื ื™ื ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ ืคื ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ื™ืฉืžื—ื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ื’ื ืื ื”ื ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชืš. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืœื ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื” ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืคื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ื ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืื ืื™ื ืš ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืœืืŸ ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš, ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื”ื ื’ื ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช.

ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื

ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืžื•ืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช. ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืื’'ื ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื ื—ืฉืคื•ืช ืจืง ืœืขืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืืœื ืื ื–ื” ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ืœืขื™ืชื™ื, ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืชืคื•ืก ื’ื ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืœื ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืชืงืฃ ื•ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืชืงืคื•ืช. ืื ืื™ ืคืขื ื ืชืงืœืชื ื‘ืžื—ืกื•ื, ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ืืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื”, ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื”, ืžืกืžื›ื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืจื›ื‘ ื•ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื ืœืžืงืจื” ืฉื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืื•ืชื.

ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื

ื ื™ืžื•ืกื™ื ื ืื•ืชื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ื ืœืจื•ื‘ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ืžื•ืขืจื›ื™ื. ืืคื™ืœื• ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ ืฆืคื™ืจื•ืช ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืคืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืขื•ืžืก ืชื ื•ืขื” ื›ื‘ื“ ื–ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ. ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœืš, ื”ื ื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช.

ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื ืชื™ื‘ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”?

ืื ืืชื” ื ื•ืกืข ื™ืฉืจ ื•ืœื ืคื•ื ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘, ืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื™ืžื ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช. ืชืžืจื•ืŸ ืฉืžืืœื” ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืฉืžืืœื” ืื• ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืขืงื•ืฃ. ื›ื“ืื™ ื’ื ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื ืชื™ื‘ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ื–ืืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื•ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.

ืžื” ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชื—ืช ืœืคื ืก?

ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉื ืžืฆืืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžืชื—ืช ืœืจืžื–ื•ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ ื›ืฉื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœืคื ื™ื›ื ืžื’ื™ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืชื ื” ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ. ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืจืžื–ื•ืจื™ื ืžืชื—ืœืคื™ื ื‘ืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืื• ืœื”ืกื™ื— ืืช ื“ืขืชื ืžืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ. ืขื ื–ื”, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ื•ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœืš ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืžื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช. ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืš ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉืืชื” ื‘ืขืฆื™ืจื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช; ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ.

ืื™ืš ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื ืชืงืœ ื‘ืกื’ื™ืจืช ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”?

ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืคืชื— ืืช ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื•ืืช ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืกื’ื™ืจืช ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื ืชืงืœื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื, ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ืื—ื“ (1). ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžื” ืฉื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื” ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ื ืชืงืœ ื‘ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื, ืืœ ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ืื—ื“. ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื’ื ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืคืชื•ื— ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ืงื˜ืข ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืฆืจ ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืจื•ื›ืกืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืชื—ืœืคื™ื ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ื—ืœืง.

ืชื ืื™ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”

ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื™ืขื“ ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉ ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ ื“ืจืš ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืืชืจื™ื ืฉืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช, ืืœื ื’ื ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื ื•ืฃ ืฉืชืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื‘ืืจืฅ. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืคื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”, ื™ืฉ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ืจื›ื™ ืขืคืจ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื”ืจืจื™ื™ื. ื›ืžื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœื ืกื•ืข ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”? ื’ืœื” ืœืžื˜ื”.

ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงืช ืชืื•ื ื•ืช

ืœืคื™ Dominica News Online, ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืœืชืžื•ืชื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื (ื•ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืชื• ืœืชืžื•ืชื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืœืื™ื 25 ืขื“ 44). ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ืงื˜ืœื ื™ื•ืช ื ืขื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช - ื—ืœืงืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื, ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืคื–ื™ื–ื” ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ืขืคืจ ืฆืจื•ืช.

ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื™ืจื“ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื.

ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื

ื’ื ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžืชืจื—ื‘ืช. ื›ื›ื–ื”, ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืžื ื•ืขื™ื™ื, ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื”ื™ื ืœืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช - ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืกื“ืืŸ, ืจื›ื‘ื™ ืฉื˜ื—, ืžื™ื ื™ื•ื•ืื ื™ื, ื˜ื ื“ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืขื™ื, ื”ืืฆ'ื‘ืงื™ื, ืžื™ื ื™, ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ ืงื‘ื™ื ื”, ื˜ื ื“ืจื™ื, ื•ืขื•ื“. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ืžืžืฉืœืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžื‘ืจื›ืช ืขืœ ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ืจื•ืช, ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื•ืžืฉื•ืžืฉื•ืช ื›ืื—ื“. ืขื ื–ื”, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ.

ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ืื’ืจื”

ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื”, ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื˜ืจื ื”ืงื™ืžื” ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ืื’ืจื”. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื•ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืฉื ื™ื 2012-2014, ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืงืจืŸ ืื—ื–ืงืช ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื›ื“ืจืš ืœืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื. ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœืื—ื–ืงืช ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืชื’ื™ืข ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืขืœืืช ืื’ืจืช ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื™ ืื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืงืžืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ืื’ืจื”.

ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ

ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื–ืื• ืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘, ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงื˜ืขื™ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืคื™ื ื•ืช ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื’ืจื•ืขื”. ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื™ืขืจ ื”ื’ืฉื ื”ืฆืคื•ืฃ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืื ื›ื•ืœื ืžืชืจื’ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื”. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื’ื ืื ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ, ืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืขื™ืจื ื™ื™ื ื•ื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช. ื”ื™ืžื ืข ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขื–ื™ื.

ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื”ื™ื’ื”

ืื ื ืกืขืชื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืฉืžืขืชื ืื• ืฆืคื™ืชื ื‘ื’ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื ืื• ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ. ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืฆืคื™ืจืช ืฆื•ืคืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืฉืœื•ื", "ืชื•ื“ื”" ื•"ืืชื” ืžื•ื–ืžืŸ". ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื.

ืื™ืŸ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื›ืคืจ ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื™. ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ื’ื ื™ื ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ืืœื”, ืจืง ื”ืงืคื“ ืœื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืจืขืฉ ืžื•ื’ื–ื ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื ื›ื•ื ื”.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”

ื—ืœืงื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ื›ืชื™ื™ืจื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื›ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืœืžื”ื’ืจื™ื. ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืฉื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืœื ืจืง ืžืฆื™ืขื” ื™ืขื“ื™ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื; ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืข ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื ืขืœื™ื• ืจืง ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช. ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืชื ืกื•ืช ื‘ืืชืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”? ื”ื ื” ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืกื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื—ื•ืช.

ืกืข ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืชื™ื™ืจ

ื”ืชื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื. ืื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื; ืขื ื–ืืช, ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžืืจื—ืช ื’ื ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืขื ื ื•ืคื™ื ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืกื™ืขื” ืœื‘ื“ ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”. ืชื–ื›ื• ื’ื ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžืชื’ืžืœืช. ืื– ื›ืฉืืชื ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืื ื• ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ืœื›ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืจื›ื‘ ืื• ืœื ื•ื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื ืื• ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื™ืกืข ืืชื›ื.

ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ื ื”ื’

ืื ืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืขื•ื“ ืงืฆืช, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ื ื”ื’ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื–ื” ื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื•ืชืš ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื—ื•ืงื™ ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื. ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ืฃ, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ื ื”ื’ ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื, ื ื”ื’ ืื™ืฉื™, ื ื”ื’ ืชื™ื™ืจื™ื, ื ื”ื’ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืขื•ื“ ืจื‘ื™ื.

ืœืคื™ Salary Explorer, ื ื”ื’ื™ ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืขื“ 240 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืœืœื ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ื•ื‘ื•ื ื•ืกื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื—ืจืช, ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืจืžืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืฉืœืš ื•ื‘ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืชืคืงื™ื“. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ืืชื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืจืฅ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื” ืžื—ืคืฉ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื›ื™ ืืชื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ืคืฉ ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜!

ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื

ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื”ืกื™ืข ืชื™ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื•ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืจื•ื‘ ืื™ื ื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื; ืขื ื–ืืช, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ืžื•ืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื ื™ื“ืขืช ืœื ื”ื•ื’. ืฉื•ื‘, ื›ืžื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื ื”ื™ื’ื”, ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ื’ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ.

ืื ื’ื ืืชื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืืชื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื–ื›ืื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืฉืจืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช:

  • ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ืœืฉืฉืช (6) ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ
  • ืชืขื•ื“ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช
  • ื”ื•ื›ื—ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช (ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื‘ื ืง)
  • ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื
  • ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ืขืกืงื” (ืžืžืขืกื™ืง ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื ื™)
  • ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืฉื˜ืจื”
  • ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช HIV/ืื™ื™ื“ืก
  • ื˜ื•ืคืก ื‘ืงืฉื” ืžื•ืฉืœื ื›ื”ืœื›ื”

ื”ื’ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช

ืื ืืชื” ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื›ืš, ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื—ืžืฉ (5) ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืื• ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื—ืžืฉ (5) ืฉื ื™ื ืขื ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืžื•ืขืžื“ื•ืช, ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ, ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื”:

  • ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ
  • ืฉืชื™ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช (2) ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืคืกืคื•ืจื˜
  • ื˜ืคืกื™ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืžืžื•ืœืื™ื ื›ื”ืœื›ื”
  • ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ืžืขื™ื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื ืกื‘ืœื• ืžืžื—ืœื” ืžื™ื“ื‘ืงืช ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ (3) ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
  • ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืื• ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช (ืื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืžื”ืžืขืกื™ืง ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ)
  • ืžื›ืชื‘ ืงื‘ืœื” ืžื”ืžืืจื— ืื• ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื—ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ
  • ื”ื•ื›ื—ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื—ืกื•ืช ืื• ื”ืžืืจื— ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ
  • ืจื™ืฉื•ื/ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืฉื˜ืจืชื™ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ
  • ืžื›ืชื‘ ื ืœื•ื•ื” ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื™ืชืจ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช
  • ื”ืืจื›ืช ืฉื”ื•ืช (ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื)

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช

ืื ืื™ื ืš ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืืจื›ื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืชืงืคื” ืœื‘ืงืฉืชืš ืœื”ืืจื›ื”. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ืื• ืœื”ืชื ื“ื‘ ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.

ืื™ืคื” ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื ื“ื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”?

ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืงื˜ื ื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืชื”ื™ื”, ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืœืื” ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœืขืชื™ื“. ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื•ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœืœื ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื— ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื“ื—ื•ืฃ ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืœื”ืชื ื“ื‘ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื•ืœื”ืชืขืžืง ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ืื•ืช:

  • ืขืžื•ืชืช ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”
  • ืคื“ืจืฆื™ื™ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”
  • ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”
  • ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”
  • ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”
  • ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื ื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”


ืฉื ื™ื™ื (2) ืžื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” (ืœื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™) ื•ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” (ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ืœืœืžื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื•ืชื” ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืื™ืชื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื).

ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืืจื›ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”?

ืื ืืชื ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืชืืจื™ืš ืฉืœ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœื›ื, ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืืจื›ืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ื”. ื–ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืŸ:

  • ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ
  • ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ื”ืœื•ืš ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืชืงืคื™ื
  • ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืงืจื ื•ืช
  • ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื” ืชืฉื”ื•
  • ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื ืขื ืžืคืงื— ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื”ืื—ืจืื™
  • ืขืžืœื•ืช ื”ืืจื›ืช ื•ื™ื–ื” (ืฉืฉื•ืœืžื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš)
  1. ืื–ืจื—ื™ CARICOM

EC$25.00 ืขื‘ื•ืจ < ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื—ื“

EC$50.00 ืœืžืฉืš 1-3 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื

  1. ืœืื•ืžื™ื ื–ืจื™ื

EC$50.00 ืขื‘ื•ืจ < ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื—ื“

EC$100.00 ืœืžืฉืš 1-3 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื

  • ืงื‘ืœืช ืื’ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืืจื›ืช ื•ื™ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืฆืจ

ื™ืขื“ื™ ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”

ืœืžืจื•ืช ื’ื•ื“ืœื” ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืฉื•ืคืขืช ืืช ื”ืืชืจื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื”ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื” ื”ื˜ื•ืคื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื•ื”ื’ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื”. ื˜ื™ืค ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™? ืืœ ืชื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ืจื•ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ืื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื ืœืืŸ ืœืœื›ืช, ื”ื ื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืงืฆืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ.

ื”ืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ Morne Trois Pitons ืžืืช ืฆื•ื•ืช Los Muertos

ื”ืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžื•ืจืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืื” ืคื™ื˜ื•ื ืก

Morne Trois Pitons ื”ื•ื ื”ืจ ื’ืขืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” 1,342 ืž' ื”ืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืคืืจืง ื”ืžื•ื’ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ 7,000 ื“ื•ื ื. ื”ืคืืจืง ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ (3) ืชืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื“ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืงืจื—ื•ื ื™ื, ืขืจื™ืžื•ืช ื’ืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื•-Sofriere, ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ. ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื”ืคืืจืง ื›ื•ืœืœ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืžื™ืฉื” (5) ืกื•ื’ื™ ื™ืขืจื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ืขืจ ืขื ื ื™ื ืงืจ. ืื ืืชื” ืื—ื“ ืžืื•ืชื ืื’ื•ื“ืœื™ื ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื, ื”ืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ Morne Trois Pitons ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืขืฉื” ืœืš ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื.

ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื ืกื™ืขื”

ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžื•ืจืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืื” ืžืžื•ืงืžืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคืืจื™ืฉ ืกื ื˜ ื’'ื•ืจื’', ืœื™ื“ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื ื˜ ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื•ืกื ื˜ ื“ื™ื™ื•ื•ื™ื“. ื”ืคืืจืง ื ืžืฆื ื›-11 ืง"ืž ืžืขื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ืจื•ื–ืื•, ื•ื™ื™ืงื— ืœื›ื ื›-20 ื“ืงื•ืช ื ืกื™ืขื” ืœืื–ื•ืจ. ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคืืจืง ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืคืจ ืœืื•ื“ืืช.

  1. ื‘ืชื•ืš ืจื•ื–ืื•, ืขืฉื” ืืช ื“ืจื›ืš ืœืคื“ืจืฆื™ื” ื“ืจื™ื™ื‘.
  2. ืกืขื• ืžื–ืจื—ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืคื“ืจืฆื™ื” ื“ืจื™ื™ื‘.
  3. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืคื ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื” ืœื“ืจืš ื”-Valley Link.
  4. ื‘ืฆื•ืžืช T ืคื ื• ืฉืžืืœื”.
  5. ื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืฆื“ ืฉืžืืœ, ื’ื ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืฆื•ืžืช Y.
  6. ืคื ื• ืฉืžืืœื” ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืชื’ื™ืขื• ืœืฆื•ืžืช T ืื—ืจ.
  7. ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื ืกื•ืข ืขื“ ืฉืชื’ื™ืขื• ืœืชื—ื ืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื™ื ืœืื•ื“ืืช.
  8. ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื–ื™ื ื•ืง ื ืžืฆืืช ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืกืคื•ืจื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืชื—ื ืช ื”ื›ื•ื—.

ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืฆื•ืžืช Y ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ื•ืช ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืขืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ื“ืจืš ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืืชื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช

ื”ืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžื•ืจื ื” ื˜ืจื•ื™ื” ืคื™ื˜ื•ื ืก ื”ื•ื ืืชืจ ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื ืกืง"ื•. ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืœ ืืช ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืขืจ ื”ืฉืœื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื™ื™ื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ืงืจื•-ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ืชื™ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืงืจ. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืคืืจืง ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื:

1. ืฆืื• ืœื”ืจืคืชืงื” ื‘ื˜ืจืงื™ื

ืคืืจืงื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืื“ืžื” ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื”ืžืงื“ืžื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื™ื•ืœ, ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื˜ื”. ื™ืฉ ืฉืคืข ืฉืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ื˜ืจืงื™ื ื‘ืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ Morne Trois Pitons ื”ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืžืขื ื” ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื - ืžืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืขื“ ืžื ื•ืกื™ื. ืื ืืชื ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืืจืง, ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืคืืจืง ื™ืฉ ืฉืคืข ืฉืœ ื’ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื ื”ืจื•ืช. ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื™ื™ื“ืข ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•.

2. ืจืื” ืืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจ ื”ืื ื“ืžื™ื•ืช

ืื ืืชื” ื—ื•ืงืจ ื˜ื‘ืข, ื—ืกื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจ ืื• ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ ื”ืจืคื˜ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ื”ืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžื•ืจืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืื” ืคื™ื˜ื•ื ืก ื™ืฉืขืฉืข ืื•ืชืš. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืžื” ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืžืจื’ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืฉืชื–ื›ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ื•ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืื™ืš ื”ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช!

3. ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงื™ืกืจื™ ื•ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื™ ืื“ื•ื ื”ืฆื•ื•ืืจ

ื”ืชื•ื›ื™ ื”ืงื™ืกืจื™, ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” "ืกื™ืกืจื•", ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืžืœื‘ื“ ื–ืืช, ืชืžืฆืื• ื‘ืคืืจืง ื’ื ืžื™ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื›ืš ืชื“ืขื• ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ืคืืจืง ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืœื™ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืœืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.

4. ื˜ืจืง ืœืžืคืœื™ ื˜ืจืคืœื’ืจ

ื”ืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ Morne Trois Pitons ื ื™ื—ืŸ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ืžื™ื ืžืชื•ืงื™ื. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉื—ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ืžืจื’ื™ืข ื‘ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ื. ืื—ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืคืืจืง ื ื—ืฆื‘ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืคืœื™ ื˜ืจืคืœื’ืจ. ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืžืคืœื™ ื˜ืจืคืœื’ืจ, ืชื•ื›ืœื• ื’ื ืœืจื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื•.

ื—ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืคื ื™ื” ืžืืช ืกื•ืคื™ื” ืฉืžื™ื“ื˜

ื—ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืคื ื™ื”

ื—ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืคื ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœ, ืืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืคืชื—ื™ ื”ืื•ื•ืจื•ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืื•ืชืจืžื™ื™ื ื”ืจื“ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื•ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื ื’ื ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื ืฆื•ืœืœื™ื. ืคืชื—ื™ ื”ืื•ื•ืจื•ืจ ืžืžื•ืงืžื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ื›-100 ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืžื”ื—ื•ืฃ ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ืฉืœ 3 ืจื’ืœ. ืชืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืชืช-ืžื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก (ื›ืžื• ืชืขืœื•ืช), ืืš ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”, ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืคืชื—ื™ ื”ืื•ื•ืจื•ืจ ื”ืœืœื• ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืžื™ื™ื.

ื”ื ื•ืฃ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืขื•ืฆืจ ื ืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืžื” ืฉืชืจืื• ืžืชื—ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื—. ืื– ืื ืืชื ืœื ืžืชืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื™ ืœืฉื—ื•ืช, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืชืคื ืงื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงืกื•ื.

ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื ืกื™ืขื”:

ืžืฉื“ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”:

  1. ืกืขื• ื“ืจื•ืžื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ Edward Oliver Leblanc ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ Imperial Road.
  2. ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื” ื“ืจื•ืžื” ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืฆืื• ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืขื“ ืฉืชื’ื™ืขื• ืœืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช.
  3. ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœืื•ืจืš ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื•ืคื ื• ื™ืžื™ื ื” ืœื“ืจืš ื‘ืืช'.
  4. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืคื ื• ืฉืžืืœื” ืœืจื—ื•ื‘ ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”.
  5. ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื ืกื•ืข ื“ืจื•ืžื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืขื“ ืฉืชื’ื™ืขื• ืœ-Lobiere Road.
  6. ื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ Loubiere Road.
  7. ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื” ืขื“ ืฉืชื’ื™ืขื• ืœ-Pointe Michel.
  8. ืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉืžืคื ื™ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืจืง ื›ืžื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื“ืจื•ืžื™ืช ืžืคื•ื™ื ื˜ ืžื™ืฉืœ (ืžืกื•ืžืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื˜ ืฉืื•ืžืจ "ืื™ื™ืจื™ ืกืคืืจื™".
ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช

ื—ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืคื ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืง ืื–ื•ืจ ืœืฉื—ื™ื™ื”. ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื ื•ืช ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืชื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ. ืชืžื•ืจืช 2 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ (ื“ืžื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื ื™ืžื™ื™ื), ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืš ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช:

1. ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื ื•ืคื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ

ืžื” ื–ื” ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืชื— ื‘ืœื™ ื™ื•ื ืจืง ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื’ืœื™ื ื•ืœืจื•ื— ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืฉื•ืฆืคืช? ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฅ' ืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™, ืืชื” ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื–ื”ื‘ืช ื‘ืขืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืš. ืจืง ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืœื”ืชื—ืžื ื‘ืฉืžืฉ ืขื ืงืฆืช ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืžืฉืงืื•ืช ืงืจื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืฆื—ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืคืง.

2. ืฆืื• ืœืฆืœื™ืœื”

ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฆืœื™ืœื”, ืื•ืœื™ ืชืจืฆื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื—ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉื ืžืฆื ืžืชื—ืช ืœื—ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืคื ื™ื”. ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืคืชื—ื™ ื”ืื•ื•ืจื•ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืื•ืชืจืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืกืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ื—ื•ืฃ. ืœื ืชื–ื›ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืฃ ืื—ืจ, ืื– ื–ื” ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ืฉืืชื ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ. ืžืœื‘ื“ ื–ืืช, ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื™ืฉ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื™ืžื™ ืขืฉื™ืจ ื’ื ืขื“ ืœืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื“ื”. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ืจื“ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืจืงืœื™ื ื’ ืื• ืืช ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื“ื” ื”ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฆืœื™ืœื”.

3. ืงื‘ืœื• ืขื™ืกื•ื™ ื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืช

ืื ืืชื” ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ืจื˜ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืžืœื•ื—ื™ื, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื”ื™ืจื’ืข ื‘ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืคืจื™ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ื ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื. ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืคืจื™ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื’ื ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ืขื‘ืขื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžืจื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื. ืฆืคื•, ืขื ื–ืืช, ืฉื’ื•ืคืจื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืคืจื•ืง ืจื™ื— ืžืกื•ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžืขืฆื‘ืŸ ืžื“ื™ ืืช ื”ืืฃ.

4. ืฆืื• ืœืฉื™ื˜ ืงื™ืืงื™ื, ื’ืœื™ืฉื” ื•ืฉื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ื ื”ืจ

ืื ืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฃ, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ื’ืœื™ืฉื”, ืงื™ืืงื™ื ืื• ืฉื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ื ื”ืจ. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื”ืฉื›ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ืื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืœืš. ืื ืœื ื ื™ืกื™ืชื ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื ื”ืจ, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืคื ื™ื”. ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื”ืจ ื”ื ืจื›ื™ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืžืชืงืŸ ืฆืฃ (ื›ืžื• ืžืชื ืคื—) ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืชืช ืœื–ืจื ื”ื ื”ืจ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื•ืœื“ื—ื•ืฃ ืื•ืชืš. ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจืคื˜ื™ื ื’ ื‘ื ื”ืจ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืจื’ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื”ืจ.

ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื›ืœ ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืงื™ืฅ. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืจื’ื•ืขื™ื, ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืจื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืขื•ื ื” ื”ื’ืฉื•ืžื”. ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื’ื ืœืฉื ืจืงืœ ืื• ืœืฆืœื•ืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ืฉื”ืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืื”. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื•, ืชื–ื›ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ืœื•ื‘ืกื˜ืจื™ื, ื”ืืœืžื•ื’ื™ื, ืกืคื•ื’ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื“ื’ื™ื’ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.

ื’ื ื™ื ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื ืคืคื™ืœื•ื˜

ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื ืคืคื™ืœื•ื˜ื™ื, ื”ืฉื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืขืœ ืžื“ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื ื” ืžื™ืงื•ื˜ืจื™ืŸ, ืžืฉืชืจืขื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื˜ื— ื ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ 5.60 ื“ื•ื ื. ื”ื’ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ื ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 1969 ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืจืœ ื’ืจื™ื™ ื•ืืŸ ื‘ืคื˜ื™ืกื˜ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืงื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ืงืŸ ืฉืœ 1979. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื’ืŸ ืฉื•ืคืข ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-600 ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆืžื—ื™ื, ืฉืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช.

ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื ืกื™ืขื”

ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื Papillote ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ื›-9 ืง"ืž ืžืขื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ืจื•ื–ืื•. ืื ืชื™ืกืข ื“ืจืš ืคื“ืจืฆื™ื” ื“ืจื™ื™ื‘, ื™ื™ืงื— ืœืš ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-20 ื“ืงื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื’ื ื™ื.

  1. ื‘ืชื•ืš ืจื•ื–ืื•, ืขืฉื” ืืช ื“ืจื›ืš ืœืคื“ืจืฆื™ื” ื“ืจื™ื™ื‘.
  2. ืกืขื• ืžื–ืจื—ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืคื“ืจืฆื™ื” ื“ืจื™ื™ื‘.
  3. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืคื ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื” ืœื“ืจืš ื”-Valley Link.
  4. ื‘ืฆื•ืžืช T ืคื ื• ืฉืžืืœื”.
  5. ื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืฆื“ ืฉืžืืœ, ื’ื ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืฆื•ืžืช Y.
  6. ืคื ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื” ืœื“ืจืš Papilotte.
  7. ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื Papillote ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฆื“ ืฉืžืืœ, ืžืžืฉ ืื—ืจื™ ืจื™ื‘ืจ ืจื•ืง ืงืคื” ื•ื‘ืจ.
ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช

ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ื ืœื ืจืง ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจ. ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืžืคืœื˜ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืœื™ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื ืจืง ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื™ื“ ื”ื’ื ื™ื ืื• ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘-Papillate Wilderness Retreat. ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื’ื ื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื Papillote:

1. ืกืขื“ื• ื‘ืžืกืขื“ื”

ื’ื ื™ ื”ืคืคื™ืœื•ื˜ ื”ื ืžืงื•ื ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืœืืจื•ื—ืช ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช. ืžื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืขื•ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื•ืช ืœื ื•ืฃ ื”ืจืขื ืŸ ื•ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™? ื–ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืฆื— ื•ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจ ื•ื—ืจืงื™ื ืฉืœื ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ืงืงื™ื.

2. ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ื•ื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืชืจืฉื ืžืฆืœื™ืœื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข

ืื ืชืจืฆื• ืœืœื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื ื™ื, ืชื•ื›ืœื• ื’ื ืœื˜ืจืง ืœืฉื ื™ (2) ื”ืžืคืœื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœืจื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืื—ืช ืžื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืช. ืื•ืœื™, ื˜ืจืง ืœืžืคืœื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ืœื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืกื’ื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื•ื.

3. ื˜ื™ื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื

ืื ืืชื” ืจืง ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื’ื ื™ ื”ืคืคื™ืœื•ื˜, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืฉื ืืช ืืจื•ื—ืช ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš ื•ืื– ืœื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื’ื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ. ื’ื ืื ืœื ืชื˜ื™ื™ืœื• ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื“ื™, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ ื•ื”ืฆื•ืžื— ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืžื›ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืŸ ื‘ื™ืชื•.

ื”ื’ื ื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืขื•ืช 8:00-15:00, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ ืขื“ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜. ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื•ื˜ื˜ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ืื• ืœืฆืืช ืœืกื™ื•ืจ ืžื•ื“ืจืš ืชืžื•ืจืช 10 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื”. ืขืžืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืžืชื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื›ื ืœืจื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืœืงื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืช. ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืฉื”ืขืžืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ื›ืคื•ืคื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื. ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ื’ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื”.

ื›ืคืจ ืงืืจื™ื‘

ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื›ืžื” ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืชื•ืืจื›ื• ืขื“ ืฉื ืช 1000 ืœืกืคื™ืจื”, ื•ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ื”ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื•ืก. ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ืื™ื™ื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขื ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื•ืก ืคืจื”-ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ืื ื™ืช. ื‘ืฉื ืช 1906, 3,700 ื“ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ืื“ืžื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ ื”ื•ืงืžื” ืจืฉืžื™ืช ื›ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื•, ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื—ืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืื•ืคื ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืคืจื™ ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื• ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ื•ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื”.

ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื ืกื™ืขื”

ื›ืคืจ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืงืืจื™ื‘ ืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื”. ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ื›-45.9 ืง"ืž ืžืขื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ืจื•ื–ืื•, ื•ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื ืกื•ืข ื“ืจืš ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื”ืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืคืจ. ื™ื™ืงื— ืœื›ื ื›ืฉืขื” ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœื›ืคืจ ื“ืจืš ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ืื“ื•ืืจื“ ืื•ืœื™ื‘ืจ ืœื‘ืœืืŸ.

ืžืจื•ื–ืื•:

  1. ืขืฉื• ืืช ื“ืจื›ื›ื ืœื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืื“ื•ืืจื“ ืื•ืœื™ื‘ืจ ืœื‘ืœืืŸ ื•ืกืขื• ืฆืคื•ื ื”.
  2. ืคื ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื” ืืœ Imperial Road, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืฉืžืืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืขืœ Imperial Road.
  3. ืื—ืจื™ ื›ื ืกื™ื™ืช Bethel SDA, ืคื ื• ื™ืžื™ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘-Imperial Road.
  4. ื‘ื›ื™ื›ืจ, ืฆืื• ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
  5. ืคื ื• ืฉืžืืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืกืขื“ื” ื•ื”ื‘ืจ Patrick's.
  6. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืคื ื• ืฉืžืืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ืคืืจืง ืงืืกืœ ื‘ืจื•ืก.
  7. ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืฆืคื•ื ื” ืขื“ ืฉืชื’ื™ืขื• ืœ-Kalinago Barana Aute.

ื”ืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžื•ืจืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืื” ืคื™ื˜ื•ื ืก

Morne Trois Pitons ื”ื•ื ื”ืจ ื’ืขืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” 1,342 ืž 'ื”ืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ืคืืจืง ื”ืžื•ื’ืŸ ื›ืžืขื˜ 7,000 ื“ื•ื ื. ื”ืคืืจืง ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ (3) ืชืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื“ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืงืจื—ื•ื ื™ื, ืขืจื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื•ืœืงื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื•ืคืจื™ื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ. ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื”ืคืืจืง ื›ื•ืœืœ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืžื™ืฉื” (5) ืกื•ื’ื™ ื™ืขืจ, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ืขืจ ืงืจ ื•ืขื ื ื™ื. ืื ืืชื ืžืื•ืชื ืื’ื•ื“ืœื™ื ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื, ื”ืคืืจืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžื•ืจืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืื” ืคื™ื˜ื•ื ืก ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืขืฉื” ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช

ืขื ื›ื ื™ืกืช ื”ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืžื—ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืขืžื™ื ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชืจื’ืœื™ื ืืช ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื‘ืŸ ืžืื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื. ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืื” ืœื›ืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืกืงืจื ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื™ืš ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื. ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื ืืชื” ื ื•ืกืข ืœื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื•:

1. ืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื•

ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื•ืก ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืงืจื‘ื˜ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื ืขื ื’ื’ื•ืช ืงืฉ. ื”ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื›ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ "ื—ื™ื• ืžื”ื™ื‘ืฉื”" ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ื ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ ื™ื. ื›ื›ื–ื”, ื”ืงืื ื• ื”ื•ื ืกืžืœ ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื•. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช, ืื ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ืœื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ืงื ื™ื ื™ื‘ืฉื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ืจื›ื™ื™ื, ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ ืจืืฉ ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืกืจื˜ื™ ืจืืฉ, ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืฆื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืืช ืคื ื™ื”ื, ื”ื—ื–ื” ื•ื”ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื. ืื ืชื‘ืงืจื• ื‘ื›ืคืจ ืงืืจื™ื‘, ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.

2. ืœื˜ืขื•ื ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื— ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื•

ื“ื™ืื˜ืช ืงืœื™ื ืื’ื• ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืžืขื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื’ื™ื. ืื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื ื™ืกื™ืชื ืื•ื›ืœ ืืงื–ื•ื˜ื™, ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืื’ื•ื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืžื ื™ืงื• ืฉืœื”ื. ื”ื ื’ื ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฆืžื—ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื”ื. ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืงืื•ืช, ืžื™ืฅ ืงื ื™ื (visoucanne) ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืงื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ืžืฉืงื™ ื‘ื™ืช.

3. ืœืžื“ ืืจื™ื’ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช

ืื ืฉื™ ืงืืจื™ื‘ ืžื™ื•ืžื ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืžืœืื›ืช ื™ื“. ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“; ื”ื ื ืžื›ืจื™ื ื’ื ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื›ื ื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืคืจ, ืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืกืœืกืœื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื ื™ Larouma ืื• ืฉืงื™ืช ืขื ืขืœื™ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื ื™ื”.

ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื ืกื•ืช. ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ืขืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ืœืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืกืžื›ื” ืฉืœืš ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืฆื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.

ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœืš ืชื•ืš ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื

ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™

ืชืงืฃ ืœ-1-3 ืฉื ื™ื

ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืืงืกืคืจืก ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื

ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื”