Empowering Mobility: A Comprehensive Guide to Obtaining a Driver's License for Immigrants in the U.S.

驾驶不仅仅是为了方便；这是许多居住在美国的人（包括非法移民）的基本需求。合法驾驶的能力可以打开就业、教育和基本服务的大门。这份综合指南深入介绍了向未经授权的移民提供驾驶执照的州，帮助您了解美国各地的驾驶特权情况

了解驾驶执照对移民的重要性

驾驶执照不仅仅是驾驶许可证；它象征着自由和独立。对于移民来说，它还可以作为一种身份证明，让他们更容易开设银行账户、租房，甚至申请工作。根据国家移民法律中心的说法，因为某些移民的移民身份而拒绝为其颁发许可证，这根本就是糟糕的公共政策。

截至 2023 年，已有 16 个州和哥伦比亚特区允许无证人员获得驾驶执照。

加州一直是向移民提供驾驶执照的先驱。 AB 60 驾驶执照于 2015 年推出，允许无法提供在美国合法居留证明的个人获得驾驶执照。

• 估计有 200 万无证移民中超过 100 万已成功获得许可证
• 超过 70 万无证移民更新了它们。

州长 Ron DeSantis 于 2023 年 5 月 10 日签署成为法律，旨在打击非法移民的影响。以下是关于佛罗里达州参议院 1718 号法案对移民人口（特别是那些开车的人）影响的要点

• 其他州专门为未经授权的移民颁发的驾驶执照和许可证在佛罗里达州无效。
• 无证移民也将被禁止获得佛罗里达州驾驶执照。
• 新法律还规定，在美国非法运送个人跨越州界进入佛罗里达州将被视为三级重罪。
• 该法将于 2023 年 7 月 1 日生效。

了解包括移民在内的不同群体使用的交通方式，可以为他们的流动性和独立性提供有价值的见解。本节按美国公民身份提供有关交通方式的关键数据，突出显示大量依赖驾驶作为主要交通方式的移民。

以下是主要亮点：

• 在美国 2650 万外国出生的人中，超过 1720 万人独自开车。这说明很多移民依赖开车。
• 在这些司机中，770 万人不是美国公民，950 万人是入籍公民。
• 拼车在移民中也很流行。超过 330 万外国出生的人拼车，其中包括 140 万入籍公民。
• 近五十万在外国出生的非美国公民以步行作为交通工具。
• 相比之下，超过 9640 万本土出生的人独自开车，还有近 1000 万拼车的人。

该数据提供了美国移民使用的交通方式的概况。值得注意的是，许多移民，无论是入籍公民还是非美国公民，都在美国道路上开车。这强调了确保所有司机，无论其移民身份如何，都能获得驾驶执照并接受安全合法驾驶所需的教育的重要性。

移民致命事故问题是一个重大的公共安全和交通问题。移民（包括入籍公民和非公民）构成了美国司机的很大一部分，了解他们在道路上面临的风险对于制定有效的安全措施和政策至关重要。

In this context, we have utilized advanced artificial intelligence techniques to create a predictive analysis of fatal car accidents and deaths among immigrant populations. While not definitive, this analysis provides valuable insights that can guide further research and policy-making in this area.

我们的方法涉及对致命车祸和车祸死亡的可用全国平均值进行分析。然后，我们将这些数据与美国外国出生的独自驾车或拼车的人数相关联。

我们做出了某些假设，例如对所有驾驶员群体统一应用全国平均水平，以及外国出生和本土出生的人之间的相似驾驶行为。然后，人工智能根据各组司机占司机总数的比例，计算出各组的预期致命事故和死亡人数。

Here are the expected numbers:

• For foreign-born drivers, we would expect approximately 100 fatal car accidents and around 120 deaths from car accidents.
• For native-born drivers, we would expect approximately 520 fatal car accidents and around 620 deaths from car accidents.

It's important to note that this is a simplified analysis. The real-world situation can be much more complex due to driving experience, driving habits, location, etc.

作为移民获得驾驶执照涉及几个步骤，这些步骤可能因州而异。以下是该过程的更详细信息，以及其他提示和安全措施：

1. Provide Proof of Identity and State Residency

The first step in obtaining a driver's license is to provide proof of identity and residency. This often includes a valid, unexpired foreign passport and proof of residence in the state where you're applying.

2. Pay the Application Fee

Most states require a nonrefundable application fee when applying for a driver's license. The fee amount can vary by state.

3. Pass a Vision Exam

A vision exam is typically required to ensure you can see well enough to drive safely.

4. Pass the Knowledge Test

Often called the written test, covers traffic laws and signs. Some states also require a road sign test.

5. Pass the Driving Test

The final step in obtaining a driver's license is to pass the driving test, which assesses your ability to operate a vehicle safely

围绕移民驾驶执照这一话题存在许多误解和问题。让我们来讨论一些最常见的问题。

1. Misconception: A Driver's License Grants Legal Status or Work Authorization

One common misconception is that obtaining a driver's license grants legal status or work authorization in the U.S. This is not the case. Immigration status and work authorization are matters of federal law and cannot be granted by state authorities or through a driver's license1.

2. Misconception: Undocumented Immigrants Cannot Obtain Driver's Licenses

Another misconception is that undocumented immigrants cannot obtain driver's licenses. However, as mentioned earlier, several states allow undocumented immigrants to obtain driver's licenses. As of 2023, sixteen states and the District of Columbia allow undocumented people to obtain driver's licenses2.

3. Question: What Kind of Driver's License Can a DACA Recipient Get?

DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) recipients are eligible to apply for a driver's license in all U.S. states. The specific type of license and the process may vary from state to state3.

4. Question: What Happens if an Undocumented Immigrant Applied for a Driver's License Before Proof of Lawful Status Was Required?

In some states, like California, individuals who are undocumented may have applied for a driver's license before the state began requiring proof of lawful status. These individuals should consult with a legal professional or a trusted resource center to understand their options and any potential implications4.

5. Security Measures: Real ID and AB 60 Licenses

In the context of security measures, it's important to note the distinction between Real ID-compliant licenses and AB 60 licenses. Real ID-compliant licenses meet federal security standards for identification and will be required for certain federal purposes, such as boarding domestic flights, by May 2023. AB 60 licenses, on the other hand, are not Real ID-compliant and cannot be used for federal purposes.

The landscape of states offering driver's licenses to immigrants, regardless of their legal status, is diverse and continually evolving. This policy shift is seen as a means to ensure road safety, as it allows immigrants to legally drive after passing the required tests, thereby reducing the number of unlicensed and uninsured drivers on the roads.

While providing driver's licenses to immigrants is a step towards ensuring road safety, it is equally crucial to invest in comprehensive driver education and training programs to further reduce the risk of fatal accidents among this population.